They are generally happy, friendly, and eager to please. The coat is typically soft and curly.Ĭockapoos are people-oriented and affectionate, and they get along well with children and other dogs, making them a great family pet. They have a well-proportioned body, straight front legs, and small, rounded paws. Cockapoos have rounded heads, bushy eyebrows, wide, dark eyes, and black noses. Most Cockapoos have a Miniature Poodle parent because the smaller dogs are most popular. Their appearance varies depending on the breeding pair, as with all hybrid breeds. If you're looking for a placid dog that will sleep for hours in front of the fire then a cockapoo is not the one for you! I love mine to bits - they are very affectionate dogs who love human company (except the postman - mine does not like him v much) and providing you put the work in, they're brilliant family dogs.The Cockapoo is the result of breeding Cocker Spaniels with Poodles. I do obedience, take him on lots of walks alone and with other owners, and do scent work and regular training with him. They are great natured but very lively and need lots of walking and stimulation. As with all breeders, do your homework - it's a popular breed (cross breed obvs) and there are disreputable breeders as a result, as there are with all the popular breeds. We got him from a breeder my DH has known for years - met both his parents, he was fully health checked with paperwork provided, all necessary vaccinations given by reputable local vets. Ours is more spaniel looking and so matting is rare - we never brush him, he's just groomed every 8 weeks. Not hypoallergenic, but very low allergy. No shedding - I've yet to meet one that does, I'm part of a regional cockapoo group and it's the one thing we all enjoy not having to deal with. ChenPup is 10.5kg so a perfect size for me. We have a cockapoo - mum is a cockapoo and dad is a miniature poodle. She barely makes any money with vet care etc. She has a waitlist and only has a litter when the waitlist is longer than 15, so every pup is guaranteed a good home. My neighbour breeds, one litter every two years, two litter max per bitch. If you can get a cockerpoo straight away chances are it’s not a decent breeder. Of course many people don’t care and are fine with puppy farms, but personally they wouldn’t be getting my money.Ī decent breeder will have a wait list. You need to be extremely careful and really look in to where the puppies come from. No breed checks for health, no limits on number of litters, they can just churn them out in a shed in the garden. Lastly cross breeds are puppy farm/unethical breeders money makers. They aren’t hypoallergenic, and there’s a 75% chance they will shed. A lot of groomers hate them as it’s difficult to keep on top of, then they have to deal with the consequences. Firstly if a puppy ends up with the worst traits of both breeds would you be ok with that? All cross breed puppies are different because some are more cocker, some poodle, and on a sliding scale between.Īre you ok with the demands of grooming? They need combed through every day, they need very regular professional grooms.
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Gawker writer Hamilton Nolan, for instance, tweeted out a link to the Wikipedia page for "chilling effect" shortly after the Times op-ed was published. By now, youve likely heard how Peter Thiel parlayed a 500,000 investment in Facebook to a stake now worth 750 million. Its in the Tampa Bay Area, where Hulk Hogan is a huge celebrity. He added in his op-ed that it's "not for me to draw the line" on what constitutes public and private information. Writer and media strategist Ryan Holidays latest book, Conspiracy: Peter Thiel, Hulk Hogan, Gawker, and the Anatomy of Intrigue, tells the inside (and. It was, in Peter Thiels mind to - you know, to destroy Gawker, to bankrupt it. Gawker Shut Down by Owner BDG The Hollywood Reporter The Writers Guild of America, East said the sites closure led to the layoffs of 40 of its union. Thiel, a delegate for Donald Trump who spoke at the Republican National Convention last month, claimed on Monday that funding lawsuits to push Gawker into bankruptcy doesn't qualify as suppression of free speech. Gawker is shutting down for a second time. Thiel, a co-founder of PayPal and early investor in Facebook, later secretly bankrolled Hogan's lawsuit against the media company. In 2013, Gawker published a secretly-recorded sex tape featuring Hulk Hogan (real name: Terry Bollea) that Thiel felt violated the professional wrestler's right to privacy. Related: Most Americans don't care that Peter Thiel crushed Gawker Though many of Thiel's friends and colleagues were already aware of his sexual orientation, he said the story effectively "outed" him, and that funding lawsuits against Gawker was meant to deter other outlets from similarly exposing "people's most intimate moments for no good reason." It’s less about revenge and more about specific deterrence, he said. In 2007, Gawker's now-shuttered Silicon Valley gossip blog Valleywag published a story that identified Thiel as gay. Peter Thiel, a co-founder of PayPal, has spent about 10 million to help the wrestler Hulk Hogan sue Gawker. Hogan won the case, and Gawker was ordered to pay him 140 million in damages an amount that took the website to bankruptcy and forced it to close. ![]() Thiel's grudge against Gawker and its founder and CEO Nick Denton goes back nearly a decade. One of these suits against Gawker, to which Thiel contributed 10 million in legal fees, was filed by Hulk Hogan over the publication of a sex tape involving the wrestler. "The press is too important to let its role be undermined by those who would search for clicks at the cost of the profession's reputation." The former wrestler, whose real name is Terry Bollea, won a $140 million judgment against the site, and later settled for $31 million."It is ridiculous to claim that journalism requires indiscriminate access to private people's sex lives," Thiel said. Thiel told the New York Times he provided funding for wrestler Hulk Hogans potentially devastating sex tape lawsuit against Gawker Media, making good on a nearly decade-long grudge against the. Thiel funded former professional wrestler Hulk Hogan’s lawsuit against Gawker after the site published a sex tape featuring Hogan. The 140 million judgment, owed to plaintiff Terry Bollea (better known as Hulk Hogan), forced Gawker Media to hold a bankruptcy auction. ![]() He also argued Thiel is “not a ‘proper’ purchaser” because he could end up as the target of litigation, according to court papers. That’s the lesson Peter Thiel, a revanchist fanatic, taught us all when he used his personal wealth to finance the proxy war that obliterated Gawker. bankruptcy court judge to deny Thiel’s request to bid, according to court papers. ![]() Gawker‘s bankruptcy plan administrator Will Holden, of consulting firm Dacarba LLC, and the website’s bankruptcy attorney Gregg Galardi, of law firm Ropes & Gray LLP, have tried to block Thiel’s bid, according to court papers. Thiel, who is Facebook Inc’s (FB) first major investor and a co-founder of payment service PayPal Inc (PYPL), did not respond to a request for comment. Thiel has not said why he wants Gawker, though the potential acquisition would let him take down stories regarding his personal life that are still available on the website, and remove the scope for further litigation between him and Gawker. It's in the Tampa Bay Area, where Hulk Hogan is a huge celebrity. Most of its assets, including its sister pages Deadspin, a sports site, and Jezebel, a feminist blog, were bought in 2016 for $135 million by media company Univision Holdings Inc (UNIVISION). It was, in Peter Thiel's mind to - you know, to destroy Gawker, to bankrupt it. ![]() Gawker, which has been inactive for more than a year, is conducting an auction of its remaining assets, including its domain names and nearly 200,000 archived articles. Limited by the number of supported devices and watermarking. from Hamrick Software Remove VueScan by Hamrick Software What is VueScan VueScan is an image scanning and optical character recognition computer program. How to Add or Remove 'Devices and Printers' to This PC in Windows 10 & 11.How to Add Any Printer to the Send to Context Menu.How to Print a Printer Test Page in Windows.You can use it free of cost but it adds a watermark on scans image until you purchase a license of it. ![]() It works on optical character recognition of text documents also. Fixing Printer Problems on Windows 10 & 11 VueScan is a type of computer program which deals with the scanning of images and especially used for Photographs including their negatives.VueScan also adds support for using multi-core processors to increase scan speed. The recommended system requirements for VueScan software (version 9.7.11) is not listed on Hamrick Software's website, but as the software is designed to work with any version of Windows. It also includes support for more than 1500 scanners making it a versatile scanning utility. This brings the total number of supported scanners to over 1550. The software installer includes 3 files and is usually about 17.19 MB (18,028,784 bytes). These scanners are supplied with device drivers and software to operate them, included in their price. The main program executable is vuescan.exe. Purpose VueScan is intended to work with a large number of image scanners, excluding specialised professional scanners such as drum scanners, on many computer operating systems (OS), even if drivers for the scanner are not available for the OS. The most used version is 9.7.09, with over 1 of all installations currently using this version. With VueScan, you can scan documents, photos, and film, easily create PDF, JPEG, TIFF, and TXT files, and import files directly from Photoshop - for those times that an image may need some polishing beforehand. Overview VueScan 圆4 is a program developed by Hamrick Software. It changes nor installs anything on your system or your operating system, and all other installed scanner software will continue to function normally. It also has advanced features for restoring faded colors, batch scanning, and numerous other features professional photographers often use. VueScan is an easy-to-use scanning program that works with the most high-quality flatbed/film scanners to produce scans with excellent color accuracy and balance. Specify the Node parameters that customize the start of Node.js. In the JavaScript File field, specify the path to the main file of the application that starts it (for example, bin/www for Express applications). See Configuring remote Node.js interpreters, Configuring a local Node.js interpreter, and Using Node.js on Windows Subsystem for Linux for details. You can also choose another configured local or remote interpreter or click and configure a new one. In most cases, WebStorm detects the project default interpreter and fills in the field itself. If you choose the Project alias, WebStorm will automatically use the project default interpreter from the Node interpreter field on the Node.js page. The Run/Debug Configuration: Node.js dialog opens. In the Edit Configurations dialog that opens, click the Add button ( ) on the toolbar and select Node.js from the list. Alternatively, select Edit Configurations from the list on the toolbar. Create a Node.js run/debug configurationįrom the main menu, select Run | Edit Configurations. WebStorm also uses this configuration to start the debugger together with Node.js applications. WebStorm runs Node.js applications according to a run configuration of the type Node.js. ![]() Make sure the JavaScript and TypeScript, JavaScript Debugger, and Node.js required plugins are enabled on the Settings | Plugins page, tab Installed, see Managing plugins for details. You can debug applications that are started from WebStorm as well as attach to already running applications. CRA Universal CLI - A simple CLI to create and build Express server for your create-react-app projects, featuring Server-side rendering and Code-splitting.WebStorm helps you run and debug your Node.js applications.babylon-jsx: Transform JSX to ES2015 with babylon sans babel.jsxtransformer: Compile pipeline for jsx files in Java.webpack-bbq: transform your src to lib, supports server rendering and static rendering.json, jade, coffee, css, less, … and your custom stuff. Support loaders to preprocess files, i.e. Allows to split your codebase into multiple bundles, which can be loaded on demand. webpack: Packs CommonJs/AMD modules for the browser.gore-gulp: Wrapper around webpack, eslint, mocha for ease of use and zero configuration.react-grails-asset-pipeline: Assets for react and precompilation of jsx files in Grails.sbt-reactjs SBT/Play/Scala JSX compiler plugin.react-laravel: PHP package for using ReactJS with Laravel.react-rails: Ruby gem for using JSX with Ruby on Rails.jsx-requirejs-plugin: RequireJS plugin.gradle-react-plugin: Transform jsx sources during a gradle build.express-jsxtransform: Middleware for Express.react-hot-loader: Loader for webpack that lets you edit JSX and have changes appear immediately in the browser without reloading the page.Babel: Standalone & Browserify transform (formerly known as 6to5).(JSX compilation doesn’t affect line numbers so lint can also be run directly on the compiled JS.) ReactScript: Write React code within Coffeescript without JSX!.cjsx-codemod: Write JSX code within Coffeescript!. ![]() react-jsx: Compile and use JSX as stand-alone templates that can run server-side and client side!.Structor replaces the now deprecated React UI Builder. Structor: This tool is a user interface builder for node.js Web applications with React UI.Be sure to download eslint-plugin-react for React-specific rules. ESLint: A pluggable JavaScript linter that natively supports JSX syntax.Neutrino combines the power of webpack with the simplicity of presets. Neutrino: Create and build modern JavaScript applications with zero initial configuration. ![]() nwb: A toolkit for React, Preact & Inferno apps, React libraries and other npm modules for the web, with no configuration (until you need it).Create React App: An officially supported way to create React apps with no configuration.vim-jsx: Syntax highlighting and indenting for JSX.No support for Automatic Semicolon Insertion. web-mode.el: An autonomous emacs major mode that indents and highlights JSX.javascript-jsx.tmbundle Syntax for TextMate.JetBrains IDE Live Templates: React live templates for JetBrains editors (e.g.JetBrains WebStorm: Syntax highlighting, code completion, error detection for JSX.Visual Studio Code Visual Studio Code supports JSX directly.Atom: language-babel Support for es2016, JSX and Flow.Sublime Text: babel-sublime: Snippets, syntax highlighting and optimized color schemes for Sublime Text. ![]() Ī “corporate publicist” gave the 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) tall Roth the nickname "Big Daddy". Hawk Models continues to re-issue its "Weird-Oh's" periodically. Both items were quite popular in the mid-60s and remain sought after collector's items to this day. In 1963 The Hawk Model Company issued its line of "Weird-Oh's" plastic models and Marx Toys issued Nutty Mads, both clearly inspired by Roth's work. Revell continues to re-issue Roth's Monsters and Kustom Car kits. Gasser and other weird creatures created by Roth. In 1962 the Revell model company began selling plastic models of Roth's cars and from 1963 to 1965 Revell also manufactured plastic models of many of Roth's monsters, including Rat Fink, Brother Rat Fink, Drag Nut, Mother's Worry, Mr. engine under the hood he drove this car to his shop every day for years. One of Roth's personal drivers was a tangerine orange 1955 Chevy 2-door post with a Ford 406 cu. In 1965, Roth's surf buggy, the Surfite, was featured in the film Beach Blanket Bingo starring Frankie Avalon and Annette Funicello, and also in Village of the Giants, featuring Beau Bridges and Tommy Kirk. Other hot rods include the Beatnik Bandit (1961), the twin Ford engined Mysterion (1963), the Orbitron (1964), and the Road Agent (1965), among others. ![]() The car was covered in Car Craft and Rod and Custom, and appeared at custom car and hot rod shows. This fiberglass Kustom hot rod was featured in the January 1960 issue of Car Craft. The lesser-known Rendina Studios of Detroit and Mad Mac of Cleveland also joined in on the monster "Weirdo" shirt craze, but Roth was certainly the person who widely popularized the "monsters in hot rods" art form. "Stanley Mouse", began advertising his own shirts in the pages of Car Craft in January 1961. Inspired by Roth and Barris Kustoms (whose shirts were airbrushed by Dean Jeffries), Detroit native Stanley Miller, a.k.a. The article featured Roth along with fellow Kustom Kulture pioneers Dean Jeffries and Pete Millar. By the August 1959 issue of Car Craft "Weirdo shirts" had become a full-blown craze with Roth at the forefront of the movement. Roth began airbrushing and selling "Weirdo" T-shirts at car shows and in the pages of Car Craft magazine as early as July 1958. ![]() Roth is best known for his grotesque caricatures-typified by Rat Fink-depicting imaginary, out-sized monsters driving representations of the hot rods that he and his contemporaries built. ![]() To find the you need to go to the album in your photos instance, and the id will be in the URL ex:, where 19 is the album id. You can find this id when using the media browser, when you hover over the NAS name, you get shown the simple name followed by the unique id ex: 192.168.0.100:5001 - 18C0PEN253705. is the Home Assistant ID for the NAS ( usually the serial number of the NAS). This media browser supports multiple Synology Photos instances. The media source URIs will look like media-source://synology_dsm///. Buttons Button rebootĪ media source is provided for your Synology Photos. Camerasįor each camera added in Surveillance Station, a camera will be created in Home Assistant. SwitchĪ switch is available to enable/disable the Surveillance Station Home mode. These sensors report if a drive has exceeded the maximum threshold for detected bad sectors and if a drive has dropped below the threshold for its remaining life. ![]() Similar to the normal disk sensors, there are binary sensors reporting each drive’s status. The security status corresponds with the analysis of the DSM Security Advisor, e.g., an outOfDate state for the Update attribute not only reflects the update status of the installed DSM version but also the status of the installed DSM packages. Binary sensors General sensorsĮntity reporting the security status of the NAS. By default the total size and maximum disk temperature sensors are disabled. Volume sensorsĮntities reporting status, total size (TB), used size (TB), % of volume used, average disk temperature and maximum disk temperature for each volume inside the NAS. ![]() The SMART status sensor is disabled by default. Disk sensorsĮntities reporting the internal temperature, status (as shown in Synology DSM) and SMART status for each drive inside the NAS. The uptime sensor is disabled by default. General sensorsĮntities reporting the internal temperature and the uptime of the NAS. Both upload and download sensors are available. Network sensorsĮntities reporting the current network transfer rates of the NAS. These sensors include the total installed amount, the currently free amount and the % of memory used. Memory Utilisation sensorsĮntities reporting the current and combined memory and swap utilization of the NAS. ![]() By default the 1min load sensor is disabled. Available as current, 1min, 5min and 15min load sensors. These report the total CPU load for the entire NAS. There are also combined CPU load sensors. By default, only the User sensor is enabled. There are sensors the report the current CPU load, separated by User, System and others. As noted above, you do not need access to the DSM and Home Assistant will still be able to read statistics from your NAS.Įntities reporting the current and combined CPU utilization of the NAS. If you denied access to all locations and applications it is normal to receive a message indicating you do not have access to DSM when trying to login with this separate user. DSM will walk you through the process of setting up the one-time password for this user which you’ll then be able to use in Home Assistant’s frontend configuration screen. Make sure to log out of your “normal” user’s account and then login with the separate user you created specifically for Home Assistant. If you have the “Enforce 2-step verification for the following users” option checked under Control Panel > User > Advanced > 2-Step Verification, you’ll need to configure the 2-step verification/one-time password (OTP) for the user you just created before the credentials for this user will work with Home Assistant. If you utilize 2-Step Verification or Two Factor Authentication (2FA) with your Synology NAS If you want to add cameras from Surveillance Station, the user needs application permission for Surveillance Station. It is still able to read the utilization and storage information using the API. By doing this, the user will not be able to login to the web interface or view any of the files on the Synology NAS. When creating the user, it is possible to deny access to all locations and applications. This is related to the fact that utilization information is stored in the core module. Separate User Configurationĭue to the nature of the Synology DSM API, it is required to grant the user admin rights. In this case, it is recommended to use NIC bonding instead or to deactivate SSDP. If you have two or more NICs with different IP addresses from the same subnet and SSDP is activated, this leads to problems with this integration, as the NAS is detected several times with different IPs and the integration always adopts the new “detected” IP address in its configuration and then reloads it. ![]() Somebody still spent real money, but not necessarily the person who opened the crates. Other people buy crates using gold, by giving another player gold who then gifts then the crate pack. Some people collect gems by just getting Ouroboros crates all the time and converting the trash items into gems. They have one pet and one mount, plus all the bottom tier consumables shared by all crates, but they're free. You can get Ouroboros crates from Twitch drop events. Did you guys buy them with gems, get lucky with crates or get them through some kind of promotion? I think I should just keep my wallet in my pocket and spend the rest of the year getting those seals of endeavour if these items are going to be around for a while.ĭid you guys buy them with gems, get lucky with crates or get them through some kind of promotion? I'm like six years late to the game, everyone has awesome mounts and pets and skins. ![]() I can't believe how expensive credits are when the drop rate for decent crate rewards are never even 2%. Does that mean the only way (aside from seals of endeavour) to buy it outright would be to purchase 25 crates and convert each card into 1 gem a piece? Two servings of x15 crown crates for 5,000 credits each, so buy 11,000 credits for $80. Was very excited for this new crop of store items but I just realized I can't outright purchase crown crate items because they only take something called crown gems which you can't buy? Didn't get anything good from my 3 free crates. New player, my gold edition came with 500 crown credits I haven't spent yet. Rule violators will be warned and/or subsequently removed at the discretion of the moderation team. Violation of the Rules is best addressed using the Report function. To mark something spoilers (for story or other relevant purposes), use the following format exactly as it appears: "(/spoiler)"
![]() In a behind-the-scenes Instagram video, Sam admitted that they were scared to sing "Breakaway." Kelly attempted to soothe them by saying she was nervous too, but we all know she nails every Kellyoke cover song. "Any other 29y/o have goose bumps and on the verge of crying bc you can picture your deep 13 y/o self staring out a window singing this song □❤️" by Amanda Curran JANGELA WEISS/AFP/Getty Images In honor of its 20th anniversary, Avril Lavigne blessed fans with a deluxe re-release of her hit debut album Let Go on June 3."The duo we didn't know we needed until NOW!".Once fans gathered themselves together after the soaring duet, the comments were bombarded with messages like: ![]() The talk show host showed off her impressive range by taking the high note and reminded everyone of the voice that earned her the spot as American Idol's first winner. Free ringtones, coloured wallpapers and animated screensavers. Kelly and Sam each began with their own verses, but when the two powerhouses combined their voices, it truly felt like spreading our wings and learning how to fly. by American pop singer Kelly Clarkson for her second studio album, Breakaway (2004). Here you will find options to view and activate subscriptions, manage institutional settings and access options, access usage statistics, and more.When those iconic "da-da-da, un da-da-da-da"s began, it was like we were transported back to our childhood bedrooms watching Princess Diaries 2in the early 2000s. If you believe you should have access to that content, please contact your librarian.įor librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. The institutional subscription may not cover the content that you are trying to access. Oxford Academic is home to a wide variety of products. View the institutional accounts that are providing access.View your signed in personal account and access account management features.Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members.Ĭlick the account icon in the top right to: See below.Ī personal account can be used to get email alerts, save searches, purchase content, and activate subscriptions. ![]() Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members. Breakaway is the second studio album by American pop singer Kelly Clarkson, released on November 30, 2004, by RCA Records.The album is a follow-up to her successful debut album, Thankful (2003). If you do not have a society account or have forgotten your username or password, please contact your society. Do not use an Oxford Academic personal account.
![]() Wu Gang never gave up, though, and he still tries to cut down the tree to date, which is why the tree shadow on the moon is still seen – the shadow is from the huge cherry bay tree. Despite having a lazy bone, Wu Gang worked very hard to chop down the tree, but he couldn’t because the tree was self-healing, and it would always heal after Wu Gang chopped it. The condition was that if he could cut down the tree, he’d be immortal. The emperor went on to plant a huge Cherry Bay tree that stood tall at 5460ft on the moon then, he ordered Wu Gang to cut it. The Chinese ruler at the time, Emperor of Heaven, became angry with him because of his attitude and planned the perfect punishment for him. In this story, Wu Gang was just an ordinary person who sought immortality but was lazy to learn about what was necessary for the theurgy. And though proof shows that the shadow comes from the mountains resulting from the actions of meteors, Chinese legend believes that the shadow is that of a huge cherry tree on the moon. His story is associated with the Mid-Autumn Festival of the Moon Festival, though the reasons for the connection between the two is unclear.īut the story has to do with how, on a clear night, you can see a shadow in the moon. It is said that Wu Gang was tasked with cutting down the self-healing bay laurel tree that is on the moon. In Chinese folklore, Wu Gang, also called Wu Kang, is important in both Taoism and Chinese Folklore. Deeply moved, the Emperor of Heaven picked up the rabbit’s bones, and because he was touched, he honored the rabbit by letting her live in the Moon Palace where the rabbit would be seen forever. After the fire was lit, the rabbit apologized for not fulfilling his promise to bring food, and she jumped into the fire instead, asking the old man to eat him. The rabbit felt sorry but asked the fox and monkey for help gathering firewood so that she would cook something. The old man was disappointed, mentioning to the animals that they weren’t united. The fox caught fish from the river, the monkey went back with fruits from the forest, but the rabbit didn’t have any food on his return. ![]() ![]() The animals went their separate ways to get food. Naturally, the three animals promised to get him food and asked him to wait. He met the three animals, then after the introductions and mention of how far he’d traveled to meet the three animals, he mentioned that he was hungry and wondered what they would offer him. One day, in a bid to test the animals’ virtues, the Emperor of Heaven descended to earth, taking on the appearance of an old man. The story of the jade rabbit notes that there are three animals that live in the forest – the fox, monkey, and rabbit. The jade rabbit is considered the companion to Chang’e on the moon. Also known as the Jade Rabbit, the Chang’e rabbit is one of the popular characters in the Mid-Autumn Festival and also the Moon. ![]() The impact of AI on economic growth and international trade This means that access to the tails of data-less usual and irregular data-matters. Here, quantity matters because machine learning needs to be able to incorporate into future predictions as many possible past outcomes as possible. 5Īpplying these developments in a real-world context requires large data sets to initialize AI systems. Narrow AI also includes specific tools such as out-of-sample validation to validate models, stochastic gradient descent for training models on streams of data, and graphical processing units (GPUs)-originally developed for video games but which have proven well-suited to support the types of massive parallel computations needed to train DNNs. 4 Deep Neural Networks combine multiple machine learning tasks-creating what is referred to as general purpose machine learning (GPML)-which allows AI to effectively live on top of the types of chaotic data that humans are able to digest, such as video, audio, and text. Each layer is highly modular, making it possible to take a layer optimized for one type of data (say, images) and to combine it with other layers for other types of data (e.g., text). DNNs are comprised of layers of nonlinear transformation node functions, where the output of each layer becomes an input to the next layer in the network. John Villasenor Wednesday, November 14, 2018Īnother key development underpinning narrow AI is the Deep Neural Network (DNN). 3 This includes reinforcement learning-where machine-learning algorithms actively choose and even generate their own training data. 2 The data used for machine learning can be either supervised-data with associated facts, such as labels-or unsupervised-raw data that requires the identification of patterns without prior prompting. In particular, narrow AI is based on machine learning, which uses large amounts of data and powerful algorithms to develop increasingly robust predictions about the future. To understand the potential significance of narrow AI for trade, it is also important to briefly consider its core parts. More specifically, that there is a key difference between narrow AI such as translation services, chatbots, and autonomous vehicles and general AI-“self-learning systems that can learn from experience with humanlike breadth and surpass human performance on all tasks.” General AI raises broader existential concerns, such as how to align the goals of such a system with our own to prevent catastrophic outcomes, 1 but general AI remains a technology still to be developed in the distant future. What do we mean by artificial intelligence?īefore proceeding to the impact of AI on trade, it is important to clarify what is meant by AI. The following provides an overview of some of the key AI opportunities for trade as well as those areas where trade rules can help support AI development. At the same time, there are challenges in the development of AI that international trade rules could address, such as improving global access to data to train AI systems. Already, specific applications in areas such as data analytics and translation services are reducing barriers to trade. Twitter intelligence (AI) stands to have a transformative impact on international trade. |
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